Generation of tolerogenic dendritic cells by treatment with mitomycin C: Inhibition of allogeneic T-cell response is mediated by downregulation of ICAM-1, CD80, and CD86

Background. Deliberately generated tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC) might be a useful tool for induction of donor-specific tolerance in transplantation. In this article, the authors study the effect of mitomycin C (MMC)-treated DC on rat T cells and delineate the mechanism of their conversion into tolerogenic cells. Methods. The influence of AMC treatment on the capacity of DC to activate allogeneic T cells was tested in vitro, and the expression of cell surface molecules was studied by flow cytometry. Results. AMC-treated DC lose their allostimulatory capacity, and this cannot be attributed to cell death or release of AMC. Interestingly, suppressed T cells cannot be restimulated, indicating that AMC-treated DC induce tolerance. AMC treatment selectively decreases adhesion (intercellular adhesion molecule [ICAM]-1) and co-stimulatory (CD80, CD86) molecules. Functional blocking of these molecules with specific antibodies confers to DC the same T-cell-suppressive properties as treatment with AMC. Conclusions. AMC treatment converts rat DC into tolerogenic cells. This mechanism is mediated by decrease of ICAM-1, CD80, and CD86.