Outdoor air pollution and asthma

被引:1417
作者
Guarnieri, Michael [1 ,2 ]
Balmes, John R. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[2] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
关键词
DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE EXPOSURE; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; TOBACCO-SMOKE EXPOSURE; EXHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; LUNG-FUNCTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; AMBIENT PARTICULATE;
D O I
10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60617-6
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Traffic and power generation are the main sources of urban air pollution. The idea that outdoor air pollution can cause exacerbations of pre-existing asthma is supported by an evidence base that has been accumulating for several decades, with several studies suggesting a contribution to new-onset asthma as well. In this Series paper, we discuss the effects of particulate matter (PM), gaseous pollutants (ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulphur dioxide), and mixed traffic-related air pollution. We focus on clinical studies, both epidemiological and experimental, published in the previous 5 years. From a mechanistic perspective, air pollutants probably cause oxidative injury to the airways, leading to inflammation, remodelling, and increased risk of sensitisation. Although several pollutants have been linked to new-onset asthma, the strength of the evidence is variable. We also discuss clinical implications, policy issues, and research gaps relevant to air pollution and asthma.
引用
收藏
页码:1581 / 1592
页数:12
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