Fatty Acyl Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acid (FAHFA) Lipid Families

被引:32
|
作者
Wood, Paul L. [1 ]
机构
[1] Lincoln Mem Univ, Coll Vet Med, Metabol Unit, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN 37752 USA
关键词
FAHFA; OAHFA; ornithine; wax esters; omega-hydroxylation; MEIBOMIAN GLAND; HUMAN MEIBUM; IDENTIFICATION; ACYLTRANSFERASES; CHOLESTERYL; ORNITHINE;
D O I
10.3390/metabo10120512
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Fatty Acyl esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFA) encompass three different lipid families which have incorrectly been classified as wax esters. These families include (i) Branched-chain FAHFAs, involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism and inflammation, with acylation of an internal branched-chain hydroxy-palmitic or -stearic acid; (ii) omega-FAHFAs, which function as biosurfactants in a number of biofluids, are formed via acylation of the omega-hydroxyl group of very-long-chain fatty acids (these lipids have also been designated as o-acyl hydroxy fatty acids; OAHFA); and (iii) Ornithine-FAHFAs are bacterial lipids formed by the acylation of short-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acids and the addition of ornithine to the free carboxy group of the hydroxy fatty acid. The differences in biosynthetic pathways and cellular functions of these lipid families will be reviewed and compared to wax esters, which are formed by the acylation of a fatty alcohol, not a hydroxy fatty acid. In summary, FAHFA lipid families are both unique and complex in their biosynthesis and their biological actions. We have only evaluated the tip of the iceberg and much more exciting research is required to understand these lipids in health and disease.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 8
页数:8
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