Isolated tuberculosis of testis: A case report

Background: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis accounts for only 15% of new cases of tuberculosis. In extrapulmonary tuberculosis, usually affected areas include bone, pleura, lymph nodes, genitourinary system, joints, peritoneum and meninges. Tuberculosis epididymo-orchitis is an uncommon type of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Case presentation: We reported a case of tuberculosis epididymo-orchitis and involvement of the left testicle in a 37-year-old male patient. The left testicle had a heterogeneous parenchymal echo, and multiple hypo-echo and ill-defined areas were evident in the left testicle. In the color Doppler ultrasound, the left testicle with the epididymis on both sides was completely hyperemic. The findings were primarily in the favor of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore, after a 2-month first-stage treatment with four-drug therapy of antiTB drugs such as rifampin 150 mg, isoniazid 75 mg, pyrazinamide 400 mg and ethambutol 275 mg, considering the weight of the patient (56 kg), 4 pills per day and the second phase with two-drug therapy, rifampin 150 mg and 75 mg of isoniazid, 4 pills per day for 4 months, extrapulmonary tuberculosis symptoms improved to a large extent. Conclusion: To prevent epididymectomy and the effects that the disease may have on fertility, it should be tried to quickly diagnose and treat the disease at the same early stage of the disease.