Autosomal-Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease and Kidney Transplantation: Experience of a Single Center

Background. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a hereditary disease that frequently leads to end-stage renal disease and is a common indication for kidney transplantation. We sought to evaluate the demographic characteristics, graft and patient survival, and some posttransplantation complications among ADPKD recipients. Methods. This retrospective study included 445 renal transplant recipients, among whom 48 had ADPKD. We excluded patients with pretransplantation diabetes mellitus. We evaluated patient and graft survivals as well as posttransplantation complications. Results. There was no difference between the 2 groups with respect to demographic or transplant characteristics, except for older age among the ADPKD group (51.2 +/- 8.6 years vs 44 +/- 13.1 years; P < .00.1.). We also observed no significant difference with regard to immediate graft function, immunological graft, or patient survival. Although not significant, there was a lower incidence of proteinuria and a greater number of acute rejections among ADPKD patients. As for posttransplantation complications, there was no difference regarding the prevalence of hypertension, but there was more erythrocytosis among the ADPKD group. The incidence of posttransplantation diabetes mellitus was significantly greater in ADPKD patients (33.3% vs 17.1%; P = .009), and remained significant after adjusting for confounding variables by multivariate analysis with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.3 (95% confidence interval, 1.008-5.136; P = .048). Conclusion. Our results suggested that ADPKD patients display a greater incidence of diabetes mellitus posttransplantation; ADPKD emerged as an independent predictor for this complication.