A Biomarker Panel of Radiation-Upregulated miRNA as Signature for Ionizing Radiation Exposure

Ionizing radiation causes serious injury to the human body and has long-time impacts on health. It is important to find optimal biomarkers for the early quick screening of exposed individuals. A series of miRNAs signatures have been developed as the new biomarkers for diagnosis, survival, and prognostic prediction of cancers. Here, we have identified the ionizing radiation-inducible miRNAs profile through microarray analysis. The biological functions were predicted for the top six upregulated miRNAs by 4 Gy gamma-rays: miR-1246, miR-1307-3p, miR-3197, miR-4267, miR-5096 and miR-7641. The miRNA-gene network and target gene-pathway network analyses revealed that DNAH3 is the target gene associated with all the six miRNAs. GOLGB1 is related to 4 miRNAs and other 26 genes targeted by 3 miRNAs. The upregulation of fifteen miRNAs were further verified at 4 h and 24 h after 0 to 10 Gy irradiation in the human lymphoblastoid AHH-1 cells, and some demonstrated a dose-dependent increased. Six miRNAs, including miR-145, miR-663, miR-1273g-3p, miR-6090, miR-6727-5p and miR-7641, were validated to be dose-dependently upregulated at 4 h or 24 h post-irradiation in both AHH-1 and human peripheral blood lymphocytes irradiated ex vivo. This six-miRNA signature displays the superiority as a radiation biomarker for the translational application of screening and assessment of radiation exposed individuals.