Particulate contribution to extinction of visible radiation: Pollution, haze, and fog

被引:100
作者
Elias, Thierry [1 ]
Haeffelin, Martial [1 ]
Drobinski, Philippe [1 ]
Gomes, Laurent [2 ]
Rangognio, Jerome [2 ]
Bergot, Thierry [2 ]
Chazette, Patrick [3 ]
Raut, Jean-Christophe [3 ]
Colomb, Michele [4 ]
机构
[1] Ecole Polytech, LMD, IPSL, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
[2] CNRM Meteo France, F-31057 Toulouse, France
[3] LSCE IPSL, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
[4] LRPC, F-63017 Clermont Ferrand, France
关键词
Fog; Aerosol; Particle; Droplets; Size distribution; Extinction coefficient; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; AEROSOL SIZE; DISTRIBUTIONS; PARAMETERIZATION; CLIMATOLOGY; AERONET; REGION; MODELS;
D O I
10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.01.006
中图分类号
P4 [大气科学(气象学)];
学科分类号
0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
A data set acquired by eight particle-dedicated instruments set up on the SIRTA (Site Instrumentalde Recherche par Teledetection Atmospherique, which is French for Instrumented Site for Atmospheric Remote Sensing Research) during the ParisFog field campaign are exploited to document microphysical properties of particles contributing to extinction of visible radiation in variable situations. The study focuses on a 48-hour period when atmospheric conditions are highly variable: relative humidity changes between 50 and 100%, visibility ranges between 65 and 35000 m, the site is either downwind the Paris area either under maritime influence. A dense and homogeneous fog formed during the night by radiative cooling. In 6 h, visibility decreased down from 30000 m in the clear-sky regime to 65 m within the fog, because of advected urban pollution (factor 3 to 4 in visibility reduction), aerosol hydration (factor 20) and aerosol activation (factor 6). Computations of aerosol optical properties, based on Mie theory, show that extinction in clear-sky regime is due equally to the ultrafine modes and to the accumulation mode. Extinction by haze is due to hydrated aerosol particles distributed in the accumulation mode, defined by a geometric mean diameter of 0.6 mu m and a geometric standard deviation of 1.4. These hydrated aerosol particles still contribute by 20 +/- 10% to extinction in the fog. The complementary extinction is due to fog droplets distributed around the geometric mean diameter of 3.2 mu m with a geometric standard deviation of 1.5 during the first fog development stage. The study also shows that the experimental set-up could not count all fog droplets during the second and third fog development stages. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V.
引用
收藏
页码:443 / 454
页数:12
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