Celiac disease microbiota and its applications

Intestinal microbiota plays an important role in maintaining the overall health of an individual. It can be affected by diet but also inflammation of the intestine due to various causes. In the last decade, particular attention has been paid to the study of the interaction between mucosal cells and intestinal microbiota, and to the host immune response to change in community structure. Here, we review the most significant studies on human microbiota in patients with celiac disease, and also the potential biotechnological use of microorganisms for the production of gluten-free products.