The free vibration behavior of isotropic and orthotropic composite plates under the hygrothermal environment is investigated in this article. The composite material properties are considered to be the function of temperature and moisture concentration, and the effective properties are evaluated using the micromechanics approach. The plate model is developed mathematically using refined nth-order shear deformation theory. The theory takes account of transverse shear effects and parabolic distribution of the transverse shear strains through the thickness of the plate; hence, it is unnecessary to use shear correction factors. Numerical results obtained by the present theory are compared with those in the literature.