Reclassification of Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Carriage Types

被引:310
作者
van Belkum, Alex [1 ]
Verkaik, Nelianne J. [1 ]
de Vogel, Corne P. [1 ]
Boelens, Helene A. [1 ]
Verveer, Jeroen [1 ]
Nouwen, Jan L. [1 ]
Verbrugh, Henri A. [1 ]
Wertheim, Heiman F. L. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Erasmus MC, Dept Med Microbiol & Infect Dis, NL-3015 CE Rotterdam, Netherlands
[2] Univ Oxford, Clin Res Unit, Natl Inst Infect Trop Dis, Bach Mai Hosp, Hanoi, Vietnam
关键词
SURGICAL-SITE INFECTIONS; MAJOR RISK-FACTOR; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; MUPIROCIN; COLONIZATION; PREVALENCE; PERSISTENT; OINTMENT; CARRIERS; EPIDEMIOLOGY;
D O I
10.1086/599119
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Background. Persistent nasal carriers have an increased risk of Staphylococcus aureus infection, whereas intermittent carriers and noncarriers share the same low risk. This study was performed to provide additional insight into staphylococcal carriage types. Methods. Fifty-one volunteers who had been decolonized with mupirocin treatment and whose carriage state was known were colonized artificially with a mixture of S. aureus strains, and intranasal survival of S. aureus was compared between carriage groups. Antistaphylococcal antibody levels were also compared among 83 carriage-classified volunteers. Results. Persistent carriers preferentially reselected their autologous strain from the inoculum mixture (P = .02). They could be distinguished from intermittent carriers and noncarriers on the basis of the duration of postinoculation carriage (154 vs. 14 and 4 days, respectively; P = .017, by log-rank test). Cultures of swab samples from persistent carriers contained significantly more colony-forming units per sample than did cultures of swab samples from intermittent carriers and noncarriers (P = .004). Analysis of serum samples showed that levels of immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A to 17 S. aureus antigens were equal in intermittent carriers and noncarriers but not in persistent carriers. Conclusions. Along with the previously described low risk of infection, intermittent carriers and noncarriers share similar S. aureus nasal elimination kinetics and antistaphylococcal antibody profiles. This implies a paradigm shift; apparently, there are only 2 types of nasal carriers: persistent carriers and others. This knowledge may increase our understanding of susceptibility to S. aureus infection.
引用
收藏
页码:1820 / 1826
页数:7
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