Thermal injuries in children and adolescents. Epidemiology and prevention

Background. Severe thermal injuries often cause long-time functional and emotional problems in a child's life. The aim of our study was to evaluate information on the epidemiology and prevention of thermal injuries. Patients and methods. Eighty-three patients age 0-18 years who had been treated in our clinic between September 2002 and December 2005 were considered in a retrospective study. We gathered information regarding the cause of the accidents, the place and time of the injuries, and family background. Results. Scald burns are often found in the toddler age group (age 1-3 years). In our study, they were mostly caused by the children themselves and occurred 92% of the time in the domestic environment. Burns by improper use of spirits and fire were frequently seen in children age 6-18 years. These injuries mostly happened outside buildings. Conclusion. Midwives and pediatricians should teach parents about burn prevention soon after a child's birth. Furthermore, child daycare centers, schools, and the media should provide information regarding the handling of hot liquids, hot objects, and open flames.