Airborne enteric coliphages and bacteria in sewage treatment plants

被引:83
作者
Heinonen-Tanski, Helvi [1 ]
Reponen, Tiina [2 ]
Koivunen, Jari [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Kuopio, Dept Environm Sci, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
[2] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
关键词
Bioaerosol; Coliphages; Impactor; Impinger; Indicator bacteria; Salmonella; WATER TREATMENT PLANTS; WASTE-WATER; BIOLOGICAL HAZARD; AEROSOLS; MICROORGANISMS; ENUMERATION; COLLECTION; DENSITIES; WORKERS;
D O I
10.1016/j.watres.2009.03.006
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The concentrations of airborne culturable microorganisms were determined in wastewater and sludge treatment processes of seven sewage treatment plants. Two types of coliphages, Salmonella and total viable bacteria were sampled by the BioSampler and the numbers of faecal coliforms and enterococci were obtained from the Andersen 6-stage impactor. The BioSampler recovered higher numbers of airborne coliphage viruses than has been measured with other liquid samplers in previous studies, suggesting that this sampler has improved efficiency for sampling airborne coliphages. Airborne coliphages were detected in many stages of the wastewater or sludge treatment process. The highest microbiological air contaminations were found in pre-treatment and aerated grit separation stages of the operation. This was attributed to aerosolisation of microorganisms by mechanical handling or forced aeration. Aeration and settling processes located outdoors caused low microbial concentrations, but the brush aerator released more microorganisms into the air. Our results emphasize the necessity for controlling the exposure of sewage workers to airborne microorganisms, especially in process areas that involve mechanical agitation or forced aeration of wastewater. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:2558 / 2566
页数:9
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