Two-dimensional 1H and 1H-detected NMR study of a heterogeneous biocatalyst using fast MAS at high magnetic fields

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful tool for investigating atomic-scale structure in heterogeneous or composite materials where long-range order is absent. In this work solid-state H-1 and H-1-detected NMR experiments were performed with fast magic angle spinning (v(R) = 75 kHz) and a high magnetic fields (B-0 = 20 T) and used to gain structural insight into a heterogeneous biocatalyst consisting of an enzyme, human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II), covalently immobilized on epoxy-functionalized silica. Two-dimensional H-1-H-1 NOESY-type correlation experiments were able to provide information on H-1 environments in silica, epoxy-silica and the immobilized enzyme. Two distinct signals originating from water protons were observed: water associated with the surface of the silica and the water associated with the immobilized enzyme. Additional two-dimensional H-1-H-1 double-single quantum (DQ-SQ) correlation experiments suggested that the immobilized enzyme is not in close contact with the silica surface. Most significantly, comparison of two-dimensional H-1-N-15 spectra of the immobilized enzyme and the solution-state enzyme confirmed that the structural integrity of the protein is well preserved upon covalent immobilization.