Early histological evaluation of bone defect healing with and without guided bone regeneration techniques: Experimental animal studies

Introductions: To obtain osseous tissue regeneration, treatment methods referred to as guided bone regeneration are used which utilize the mechanical, chemical, and biological properties of materials. Material/Methods: Eighteen white rabbits were used. Under general anesthesia, a 5 mm in diameter defect was created transcutaneously in the femur trochanter major. The rabbits were divided into three groups depending on the type of the intraosseous defect (ID) treatment: in group I (C) the control IDs were left to heal spontaneously, in II (BOC+BG) the IDs were filled with Bio-Oss Collagen (R) and Bio Gide Perio (R) membrane, and in III (PRP) the IDs were filled with BOC (R) and platelet-rich plasma (Curasan Centrifuge (R)). The animals were sacrificed 1 and 3 months after the surgical procedure. The histological material was stained with hematoxylin and eosin and using the van Gieson method. Results and Conclusions: In the earlier histological examinations (1 and 3 months after the procedures), resorption of the biomaterial and the formation of new bone trabeculas were observed in both groups II and III. At the first observation the extent of biomaterial resorption and the intensity of the osteogenic process were greater in group III, but after 3 months group II had a slight advantage. Fragmented remnants of the biomaterial in both groups were surrounded by newly formed bone and locally by fibrous connective tissue. At both observation times the number of bone trabeculas after implantation in groups II and III was greater than in the control group.