Modulus enhancement of polypropylene by sorbitol nucleating agent in flow field

The rigidity of an injection-molded isotactic polypropylene (PP) containing 1,3:2,4-bis-o-(4-methylbenzylidene)-D-sorbitol (MDBS) as a crystal nucleating agent can be enhanced by selection of appropriate processing conditions. A new method by differential scanning calorimetry measurements showed that the dissolution temperature of 0.4 wt.% MDBS in molten PP is around 210 degrees C. When injection molding was performed below the dissolution temperature, for example, 190 degrees C, the molecular orientation of PP was greatly enhanced. Although this is an anomalous condition for the system to expect good transparency, the product obtained showed a high flexural modulus. In contrast, with high-temperature processing at 240 degrees C, that is, conventional condition, the modulus decreased because of poor molecular orientation. Transmission electron microscopy observation revealed that MDBS fibrils strongly orient to the flow direction under the low-temperature processing, in which network structure of MDBS fibers is not detected. The oriented MDBS fibers led to a well-developed shish-kebab structure, which is responsible for the pronounced rigidity.