Ertapenem pharmacokinetics and impact on intestinal microflora, in comparison to those of ceftriaxone, after multiple dosing in male and female volunteers

被引:99
作者
Pletz, MWR
Rau, M
Bulitta, J
De Roux, A
Burkhardt, O
Kruse, G
Kurowski, M
Nord, CE
Lode, H
机构
[1] Free Univ Berlin, Chest Hosp Heckeshorn, City Hosp Emil von Behring, Dept Chem & Infect Dis, D-1000 Berlin, Germany
[2] Auguste Viktoria Krankenhaus, Dept Lab Med, Berlin, Germany
[3] Inst Biomed & Pharmaceut Res, Nurnberg, Germany
[4] Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Lab Med, Div Clin Bacteriol, Stockholm, Sweden
关键词
D O I
10.1128/AAC.48.10.3765-3772.2004
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
The pharmacokinetics of ertapenem and ceftriaxone were investigated in an open, randomized, two-period crossover study after single- and multiple-dose administration in 10 healthy volunteers (five women and five men). Both antibiotics were administered intravenously once daily for 7 days at dosages of 1 g (ertapenem) and 2 g (ceftriaxone). The concentrations of the antibiotics in serum and urine were quantified by the agar well diffusion method bioassay and, in addition, for ertapenem only, by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). For ertapenem the maximum concentration of the drug in plasma (C-max) was 256 mg/liter, the half-life was 20.7 h, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) was 830 mg(.)h/liter. The concentrations in fecal samples were (mean value) 37.2 and 32.7 mg/kg on day 4 and day 8, respectively. Ceftriaxone exhibited a mean C-max of 315 mg/liter, a half-life of 7.6 h, and an AUC of 1,556 mg (.) h/liter. The mean concentrations in fecal samples were 153 and 258 mg/kg on day 4 and day 8, respectively. No accumulation of ertapenem or ceftriaxone was detected at steady state. A slightly but significantly decreased AUC for ertapenem was detected for the female volunteers. No serious adverse event was observed. Both antibiotics induced a marked decrease in the anaerobic microflora (4-log-unit decreases in lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, clostridia, and bacteroides) and Escherichia coli, whereas the number of enterococci increased (4 log units). A slight overgrowth of yeasts was observed with both regimens. In all cases the microflora returned to normal levels on days 21 to 35.
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页码:3765 / 3772
页数:8
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