Epigenetic control of neurobehavioural plasticity: the role of neurotrophins

被引:100
作者
Branchi, I [1 ]
Francia, N [1 ]
Alleva, E [1 ]
机构
[1] Ist Super Sanita, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, Sect Behav Neurosci, I-00161 Rome, Italy
来源
BEHAVIOURAL PHARMACOLOGY | 2004年 / 15卷 / 5-6期
关键词
NGF; BDNF; mouse; humans; epigenetic factors; aggressive behaviour; psychosocial stress; development;
D O I
10.1097/00008877-200409000-00006
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are two neurotrophins involved in the differentiation, growth and maintenance of selected peripheral and central populations of neuronal cells, during development and at adulthood. Furthermore, neuronal activity enhances expression and action of these neurotrophins, modifying synaptic transmission and connectivity. Neurotrophin production has been shown to be experience-dependent. In particular, during early developmental phases, experiences such as maternal deprivation or exposure to an enriched environment markedly affect NGF and BDNF levels. At adulthood, psychosocial stress has been shown to markedly alter NGF and BDNF levels, both in plasma and selected brain areas, including the hypothalamus and hippocampus. These results have been extended to humans, showing that NGF levels are enhanced by emotional stress induced by parachute jumping. Overall, these findings suggest a role of neurotrophins as factors mediating both short- and long-term effects of experience on brain structure and function. (C) 2004 Lippincott Williams Wilkins.
引用
收藏
页码:353 / 362
页数:10
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