Adaptive Sum of Markov Chains for Modelling 3D Blockage in mmWave V2I Communications

Blockage attenuation is one of the main challenges that face reliable communication at the millimetre-wave (mmWave) band, especially for dynamic vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication systems. Modelling the dynamics of the blockage is important for evaluating high gain beamforming techniques, which are used to improve the signal strength in the mmWave communication systems. The novel sum of Markov chains (sum of MC) model is designed to do two main tasks successfully; capturing the dynamics of blockers affecting a moving transceiver and computing the arising channel attenuation. The sum of MC model has advantages over existing Markov chains models, which are: that it can adapt to model non-stationary scenarios. The sum of MC model can integrate any attenuation function, including the 3GPP blockage model and any lab measurement attenuation profile. Additionally, it is computationally efficient. The sum of MC model can match well with the performance results from a more complex geometric channel model.