Challenges in prevention and management of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome in India

Diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome have reached global pandemic proportions with India being designated 'diabetes capital' of the world. Epidemiological studies over the last three decades have shown fivefold increase in the prevalence of diabetes in India, while prevalence rates of > 30% have been reported recently for metabolic syndrome. Primary prevention studies have shown significant reduction in relative risk of development of diabetes using lifestyle modifications as well as drugs like metformin, acarbose and rosiglitazone among others. Use of such strategies adapted to suit the local culture along with use of traditional approaches like yoga and ayurveda would go a long way in responding to the challenges posed by these chronic disorders to the country.