Coastal cliff exposure and management

被引:7
作者
Bergillos, Rafael J. [1 ]
Rodriguez-Delgado, Cristobal [2 ,3 ]
Medina, Luis [4 ]
Iglesias, Gregorio [2 ,5 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cordoba, Dept Agron, Hydraul Engn Area, Rabanales Campus,Leonardo da Vinci Bldg, Cordoba 14071, Spain
[2] Univ Plymouth, Sch Engn, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England
[3] PROES Consultores, Calle San German 39, Madrid 28020, Spain
[4] Univ A Coruna, Sch Civil Engn, Dept Geotech Engn, Elvina Campus, La Coruna 15071, Spain
[5] Univ Coll Cork, Environm Res Inst, MaREI, Coll Rd, Cork, Ireland
[6] Univ Coll Cork, Sch Engn, Coll Rd, Cork, Ireland
关键词
Cliff; Erosion; Wave; Exposure; Mapping; Management; WAVE ENERGY RESOURCE; SEA-LEVEL RISE; NOURISHMENT STRATEGIES; BEACH MORPHOLOGY; OREGON COAST; EROSION; FARMS; PROTECTION; MODEL; METHODOLOGY;
D O I
10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105387
中图分类号
P7 [海洋学];
学科分类号
0707 ;
摘要
Coastal cliffs cover about 75% of the world's coastlines. Many of these cliffs suffer severe erosion problems, which are mainly caused by wave action and lead to important damages. The main objective of this work is to propose and apply a methodology to characterize and map wave exposure levels for the management of cliff coasts. The methodology proposed consists of a number of steps. First, a statistical characterization of the wave climate in deep water is performed. Second, relevant sea states are propagated towards the cliff by means of a numerical model. Then, the results are used to assess the distribution of significant wave heights and wave power along the cliff toe. Finally, four exposure levels are defined based on the wave power values at the cliff, and exposure zones are mapped accordingly along the cliff. This approach is illustrated with a case study - the Catedrales Cliffs and Beach, a tourism hotspot in Galicia (NW Spain) where erosion caused loss of human life. We find that exposure levels are primarily influenced by the nearshore bed morphology, which controls wave refraction, shoaling and breaking, as well as by the geometry and orientation of the cliff, with some parts more exposed than others to the prevailing wave direction. On the islets off the cliff the windward faces have a greater level of exposure, since the leeward faces are protected by the islets themselves and lower water depths. The rocky outcrops that occur at the cliff toe in some sections act as emerged (submerged) breakwaters under low (high) tide conditions, dissipating wave power and thus reducing wave exposure. The methodology proposed in this work enables coastal managers to prevent the personal and material damages derived from cliff erosion by focusing remedial measures where they are most needed.
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页数:10
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