Influences of thalliation on the morphology and critical temperature of Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 thin films

Tl2Ba2 CaCu2Ox (Tl-2212) thin films were prepared by the two-step technique. A precursor film was first prepared by the pulsed laser deposition method, and then experienced the incorporation of thalliation in a one-step or two-step annealing process. The experimental results show that the two-step annealing process produces dense and smooth films, and that the one-step annealing process produces a high critical temperature film of 101K, but the transition width is wide. Precursor films with homogeneous Ba2Ca1.3Cu2.1Ox composition are essential for producing high-quality Tl-2212 films.