Why are you learning a second language?: Motivational orientations and self-determination theory

As an initial step in extending Deci and Ryan's (1985) self-determination theory to the investigation of motivation in second language (L2) learning, the first goal of our study was to assess the validity and reliability of a scale of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for L2 learning. The second purpose was to examine the relations between these types of motivation and the four orientations discussed by Clement and Kruidenier (1983). The results generally supported the psychometric integrity of the scale. Moreover, the 7 correlated motivational subscales corresponded with different orientations. The results are discussed with reference to how intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are relevant to theorizing on the role of orientations in L2 motivation.