Malarial hemozoin: From target to tool

被引:181
作者
Coronado, Lorena M. [1 ,2 ]
Nadovich, Christopher T. [3 ]
Spadafora, Carmenza [1 ]
机构
[1] Inst Invest Cient & Serv Alta Tecnol, Ctr Biol Celular & Mol Enfermedades, Saber, Panama
[2] Achaiya Nagaijuna Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Guntur 522510, AP, India
[3] Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA
来源
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS | 2014年 / 1840卷 / 06期
关键词
Hemozoin synthesis; Hemoglobin degradation; Hemozoin structure; Hemozoin biophysical properties; Plasmodium falciparum; BETA-HEMATIN FORMATION; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; HEME POLYMERASE; HUMAN-MONOCYTES; IN-VITRO; CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE; HEMOGLOBIN DEGRADATION;
D O I
10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.02.009
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Background: Malaria is an extremely devastating disease that continues to affect millions of people each year. A distinctive attribute of malaria infected red blood cells is the presence of malarial pigment or the so-called hemozoin. Hemozoin is a biocrystal synthesized by Plasmodium and other blood-feeding parasites to avoid the toxicity of free heme derived from the digestion of hemoglobin during invasion of the erythrocytes. Scope of review: Hemozoin is involved in several aspects of the pathology of the disease as well as in important processes such as the immunogenicity elicited. It is known that the once best antimalarial drug, chloroquine, exerted its effect through interference with the process of hemozoin formation. In the present review we explore what is known about hemozoin, from hemoglobin digestion, to its final structural analysis, to its physicochemical properties, its role in the disease and notions of the possible mechanisms that could kill the parasite by disrupting the synthesis or integrity of this remarkable crystal. Major conclusions: The importance and peculiarities of this biocrystal have given researchers a cause to consider it as a target for new antimalarials and to use it through unconventional approaches for diagnostics and therapeutics against the disease. General significance: Hemozoin plays an essential role in the biology of malarial disease. Innovative ideas could use all the existing data on the unique chemical and biophysical properties of this macromolecule to come up with new ways of combating malaria. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:2032 / 2041
页数:10
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