Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal infection characterized by changes in the vaginal microbiota. The objective of this work was to evaluate the colonization ability and curative effect of Lactobacillus fermentum L23 after vaginal administration in female BALB/c mice infected with Gardnerella vaginalis. One dose of Lact.fermentum L23 containing 109CFUml-1 was administered locally in a murine vaginal model. L23 colonized the vaginal tract of BALB-c mice after one inoculation. The infection by G.vaginalis in a murine model was induced by vaginal administration of a 1x106CFUml-1 suspension. Infection with the pathogen was observed in the vaginal tract for 4days. At 144h after inoculation, levels of 4log10CFUml-1 were observed. The curative effect of L23 was evaluated with one administration at 1x109CFUml-1 72h after the inoculation with G.vaginalis. Lactobacillus fermentum L23 inhibited the growth of G.vaginalis. The results of suppression of G.vaginalis using different concentrations of L23 were favourable due that these concentrations are normally used in commercial formulas. The obtained results indicate that Lact.fermentum L23 inhibited the growth of G.vaginalis. Therefore, L23 might be used as a potential biotherapeutic agent for the elimination of this bacterium.