Experimental and numerical studies on convective heat transfer of supercritical R-134a in a horizontal tube

Experimental studies on convective heat transfer characteristics of supercritical R-134a flowing in a horizontal tube with an inner diameter 8 mm were conducted in the range of mass flux 500-1000 kg m(-2) s(-1), heat flux 20-100 kW m(-2) s(-1) and pressure 4.3-4.8 MPa. Local wall temperatures and convective heat transfer coefficients of the top and bottom surfaces of the test tube were obtained, and their variational trends with increasing heat flux and mass flux were discussed within the experimental range. To have a quantitative and more comprehensive analysis of convective heat transfer behaviors of supercritical fluids as compared with the conventional methods, two new field synergy analytical methods designated as TCEH and FCEH respectively were developed, motivated by the two basic concepts of the field synergy principle respectively, i.e., the analogy of convective heat transfer to conductive heat transfer and the three general criteria associated with convective heat transfer enhancements. Numerical simulations were performed within the identical parameter ranges, and the effects of buoyancy, heat flux and mass flux on convective heat transfer were analyzed using these two new methods. Finally some new insights into supercritical convective heat transfer were obtained. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.