Reduction of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in plastics from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) by solvent extraction and the influence on their thermal decomposition

被引:35
作者
Evangelopoulos, Panagiotis [1 ]
Arato, Samantha [2 ]
Persson, Henry [1 ]
Kantarelis, Efthymios [3 ]
Yang, Weihong [1 ]
机构
[1] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Brinellvagen 23, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
[2] CUNY City Coll, Dept Mech Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA
[3] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Chem Engn, Tekn Ringen 42, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Tetrabromobisphenol A; BFRs; Pyrolysis; Soxhlet; WEEE; E-waste; PYROLYSIS;
D O I
10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.018
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Consumption of electronics increases due to modern society's growing needs, which leads to increasing generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Recycling of WEEE has been a global concern during the last few decades because of the toxic compounds that are produced during recycling. Different recycling techniques have been adapted on a commercial scale in order to overcome this issue, but the recycling of WEEE still lacks the technology to treat different kinds of feedstocks and to maximise the recycling rates. Pyrolysis is an alternative that has not been commercialised yet. One of the challenges for the implementation of this technology is the toxic brominated organic compounds that can be found in the pyrolysis oils. In this study, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), one of the major flame retardants, is reduced in three different WEEE fractions through solvent extraction as a treatment prior to pyrolysis. Two solvents have been experimentally investigated: isopropanol and toluene, the latter of which can be derived from pyrolysis oil. The results indicate that TBBPA was extracted during pre-treatment. Moreover, the total bromine content of WEEE material was reduced after the treatment with a maximum reduction of 36.5%. The pyrolysis experiments indicate that reduction of several brominated organic compounds was achieved in almost all the tested cases, and two brominated compounds (2,4,6-tribromophenol and 2,5-Dibromobenzo(b)thiophene) reached complete removal. Also, the thermal decomposition behaviour of the raw samples and the treated was investigated, showing that the reduction of TBBPA influences the decomposition by shifting the starting decomposition temperature. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:165 / 171
页数:7
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