A Novel Programmable Smart Transformer for Energy Management in Buildings

The increased penetration level of Electric Vehicles (EVs) on the Distribution Network (DN) will cause severe problems on the network especially when all EVs tend to charge when the electricity price is low, even in the presence of demand response programs. The main problem is caused by the topology of the existing DN, in which the network is decentralized in terms of controlling and scheduling the loads. The Distribution System Operator (DSO) has no authority to control the loads of the end-users due to security and privacy issues. To overcome this situation, we propose a novel Programmable Smart Transformer, in which the DSO can program to perform certain tasks and to control the total load-demand on the transformer without intervening in controlling the particular loads of the end-users. Therefore, the security and privacy issues are solved, and both DSO and end- users are satisfied.