The extraintestinal spectrum of gluten sensitivity

Although celiac disease (gluten-sensitive enteropathy) is a relatively well known malady, yet is surrounded by several misconceptions. It is in fact, a multi-systemic autoimmune disorder with a wide spectrum of possible presentations, though most clinicians regard it as a solely gastrointestinal disease. Another misconception that it is a disease of paediatric age group. Thus, the diagnosis of adult or elderly patients is often delayed. Recognition of the disease in the adults can be challenging, as there are less pronounced gastrointestinal symptoms, and patients present with other manifestations (i.e., neurologic, cardiovascular, hepatobiliary, or hematologic involvement are common). As these extraintestinal manifestations are less well known among practicing physicians, here we propose a brief overview of these. We aimed to summarize the available literature on the extraintestinal manifestations associated with gluten sensitivity.