Identification of Dyes on Single Textile Fibers by HPLC-DAD-MS

An HPLC-DAD-MS method is described to analyze textile dyes in different dye classes (reactive, basic, acid, direct, disperse). The described method is sensitive enough to analyze single fibers with a length of a few millimeters or less, which makes it suitable for forensic analyses. The current paper describes the information content of the acquired data as well as the results of a validation study, in which the repeatability, specificity, and limit of detection of the method were assessed by repeated measurements of nine different dyes in the mentioned dye classes. The mass accuracy (deviation generally <2 ppm) and absorbance spectra were found to be highly stable in several measurements over a period of 8 weeks. Deviation in retention times were observed and attributed to small experimental effects and a precolumn blockage. The results show that dye analysis is possible for most fibers with a minimum length of one or a few millimeters.