Predictors of Athlete's Performance in Ultra-Endurance Mountain Races

被引:16
作者
Belinchon-deMiguel, Pedro [1 ]
Ruisoto, Pablo [2 ]
Knechtle, Beat [3 ,4 ]
Nikolaidis, Pantelis T. [5 ,6 ]
Herrera-Tapias, Belina [7 ]
Javier Clemente-Suarez, Vicente [8 ,9 ]
机构
[1] Univ Europea Madrid, Fac Biomed & Hlth Sci, Dept Nursing & Nutr, Villaviciosa De Odon 28670, Spain
[2] Univ Publ Navarra, Dept Hlth Sci, Pamplona 31006, Spain
[3] Univ Zurich, Inst Primary Care, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland
[4] Gesundheitszentrum St Gallen, CH-9001 St Gallen, Switzerland
[5] Univ West Attica, Sch Hlth & Caring Sci, Egaleo 12243, Greece
[6] Exercise Physiol Lab, Nikaia 18450, Greece
[7] Univ Costa, Grp Invest Derecho Polit & Soc, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
[8] Univ Europea Madrid, Fac Sports Sci, Villaviciosa De Odon 28670, Spain
[9] Univ Costa, Grp Invest Cultura Educ & Soc, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
关键词
psychology; odontology; nutrition; training; stress; running;
D O I
10.3390/ijerph18030956
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Background: In previous studies, ultra-endurance performance has been associated with training and psychological variables. However, performance under extreme conditions is understudied, mainly due to difficulties in making field measures. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the role of training, hydration, nutrition, oral health status, and stress-related psychological factors in athletes' performance in ultra-endurance mountain events. Methods: We analyzed the variables of race time and training, hydration state, nutrition, oral health status, and stress-related psychological factors in 448 ultra-endurance mountain race finishers divided into three groups according to race length (less than 45 km, 45-90 km, and greater than 90 km), using a questionnaire. Results: Higher performance in ultra-endurance mountain races was associated with better oral health status and higher accumulative altitude covered per week as well as higher positive accumulative change of altitude per week during training. In longer distance races, experience, a larger volume of training, and better hydration/nutrition prior to the competition were associated with better performance. Conclusions: Ultra-endurance mountain athletes competing in longer races (>90 km) have more experience and follow harder training schedules compared with athletes competing in shorter distances. In longer races, a larger fluid intake before the competition was the single best predictor of performance. For races between 45 and 90 km, training intensity and volume were key predictors of performance, and for races below 45 km, oral health status was a key predictor of performance. Psychological factors previously reported as ultra-endurance mountain race performance predictors were inconsistent or failed to predict the performance of athletes in the present research.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 8
页数:8
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