The author of the present study deals with the problems of the economic development in Slovakia on the turn of the fifties and sixties, i.e. in the time after the first crisis in the Communist regime in Czechoslovakia was over and the second investment wave took place and the third Five-Year plan was established. To support the development of industry in Slovakia in 1957 there was a long-term conception of its economic development prepared, but getting it into practice was too complicated. Although the resolutions taken at the beginning of the sixties asked for the support in the development of economy in Slovakia, their introduction to the real life of Slovakia was much slower than in the Czech lands.