The assessment of 3D printer technology for forensic comparative analysis

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is a layer-by-layer building tool that uses a variety of engineering processes and materials. It has many applications in the automobile, medical, aerospace and fashion industries, as well as for the 3D-printing hobbyist. Currently, there are seven main types of 3D printers, which can be categorized according to the engineering process used. Cost reductions and the increased quality of personal 3D printers are making them more affordable and accessible to organizations and individuals for potential criminal purposes. This review is an assessment of 3D printer engineering features and the materials used. This is crucial in understanding the potential application and development of forensic techniques to identify a printer source, and in the comparison of printed materials that may have been used in alleged criminal activity.