Circulating soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products is inversely associated with body mass index and waist/hip ratio in the general population

Advanced glycation end products, AGEs, and its specific receptor, RAGE, are involved in vascular complications. A rote for the soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE), which acts as a decoy for AGE, has been documented in patients with diabetes but no information is available in non-diabetic subjects. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of plasma levels of sRAGE with cardiometabolic risk factors in the general population. In addition we evaluated the relation of the common -374 A/T polymorphism of RAGE with plasma levels of sRAGE. One hundred and seventy-six healthy subjects free of diabetes or coronary artery disease untreated for hypertension, dyslipidemia or cardiometabolic related diseases were randomly selected for this study from the general population. Plasma sRAGE were negatively and significantly correlated with BMI, waist/hip circumference ratio and fasting glycemia, while a positive correlation was observed with apolipoprotein A-I. These correlations were observed mainly in women who showed significantly higher sRAGE levels (1744 +/- 660 pg/mL vs 1414 +/- 649 pg/mL; P < 0.05). In a stepwise regression analysis waist circumference was independently associated with sRAGE and, when waist circumference was excluded, BMI was independently associated with sRAGE. Finally in overweight subjects (BMI >25 kg/m(2)) plasma sRAGE was significantly tower compared to lean subjects (1460 640 pg/mL vs 1710 693 pg/mL; P < 0.05). In healthy subjects plasma levels of sRAGE were negatively correlated with BMI and waist/ hip ratio supporting a possible protective role for these proteins before any evidence of diabetic or vascular complications. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.