What Makes Hotel Chefs in Korea Interact with SNS Community at Work? Modeling the Interplay between Social Capital and Job Satisfaction by the Level of Customer Orientation

This study aimed to investigate the effect of social network services (SNS) on hotel chef job satisfaction, and to provide an effective strategy to reduce chef turnover and maintain sustainable economic development in hospitality. The intention was to empirically test and analyze the effect of SNS on hotel chef job satisfaction by applying the social capital theory. The social capital theory was explored and the effect of chefs' social capital on their social presence and job satisfaction was demonstrated. Furthermore, this study aimed to determine the moderation effect of customer orientation. A total of 130 surveys were collected from chefs working at Michelin-starred restaurants in Seoul, Korea. SPSS and AMOS were used to conduct statistical analyses. The outputs included exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent analysis, discriminant analysis, path analysis, mediation effect analysis, and moderation effect analysis. The results illustrated that bridging social capital significantly impacts chef social presence, while bonding social capital does not significantly influence their presence. In addition, both bonding and bridging social capital positively relate to chef job satisfaction. Significant mediation and moderation effects were demonstrated on the path taken by chefs. The results of this study offer theoretical and managerial implications for hotel human resources managers to enhance chef job satisfaction.