Distribution, contamination status and source of trace elements in the soil around brick kilns

被引:35
作者
Kumar, Sazal [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Zhao, Meixia [1 ,3 ]
Zhang, Haiyang [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Rahman, Md Aminur [4 ,5 ]
Luo, Chuanxiu [1 ,3 ]
Rahman, Mohammad Mahmudur [4 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Innovat Acad South China Sea Ecol & Environm Engn, South China Sea Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Ocean & Marginal Sea Geol, Guangzhou 510301, Peoples R China
[2] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 1000049, Peoples R China
[3] Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Guangzho, Guangzhou 511458, Peoples R China
[4] Univ Newcastle, Fac Sci, Global Ctr Environm Remediat, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
[5] Zonal Lab, Dept Publ Hlth Engn DPHE, Khulna 9100, Bangladesh
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
Brick kilns; Enrichment; Lanthanides; Uranium; Heavy metal; Bangladesh; HEAVY-METALS; SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; POLLUTION; SILVER; RIVER; SEDIMENT; WATER; ACCUMULATION; MULTIVARIATE;
D O I
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127882
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
This study reports the distribution, contamination level, and possible sources of 54 metal (oid)s in the soils found around brick kilns in south-western Bangladesh. In total, 40 soil samples were collected from the vicinity of five brick kilns in four directions at 250 m intervals. This study reveals that the mean respective concentrations of caesium (Cs), beryllium (Be), lead (Pb), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), terbium (Tb), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), thorium (Th), germanium (Ge), yttrium (Y), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), silver (Ag), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), and tungsten (W), were 7.83, 3.19, 22.93, 85.93, 9.61, 36.86, 7.30, 1.23, 5.76, 1.13, 0.99, 3.14, 0.45, 2.91, 17.72, 3.04, 30.07, 185.13, 13.99, 0.30, 5.34, 1.26, and 2.61 mu g g(-1). Furthermore, those amounts exceeded their respective shale values. The pollution evaluation indices indicated a moderate level of contamination by Cs, Pb, Th, Ag, Hf, Ta, W, and lanthanides but excluding lanthanum (La) and lutetium (Lu). The pollution load index revealed pollution at two brickfields. Multivariate statistics reported that coal combustion in the brick kilns is the primary source of lanthanides, actinides, Y, Zr, and Hf in the soil, while other elements derived mostly from natural sources. A portion originated from coal combustion in brick kilns and agricultural activities. Changes in metal (oid)s concentrations were non-linear with the distance between the kilns and sampling points. Consequently, further studies are required and should consider meteorological factors and severity of human impact in the study area. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
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页数:13
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