Effects of High- and Low-Frequency Stimulation of the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus on Pentylentetrazole-Induced Seizures in Rats

Rationale The use of electrical stimulation therapy to treat epilepsy is currently being studied in experimental animals and patients. Our study was designed to evaluate the effects of electrical stimulation applied in the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) on the development of pentylentetrazole-induced seizures. Materials and Methods Experiments were performed using male Wistar rats with electrodes stereotaxically implanted in the left TRN. Epidural EEG recording screws were implanted in the motor cortex for EEG recording. The rats were classified in seven groups: one sham group, four groups receiving either high- or low-frequency preemptive stimulation for either 10 or 60 minutes, and two groups receiving either high- or low-frequency responsive stimulation for ten minutes. All animals received a single dose of pentylentetrazole throughout five days. EEG recordings were obtained from the cortex and were evaluated to assess ictal behavior more than 45 to 90 minutes. Results Ten minutes of preemptive high-frequency stimulation in the TRN induced a significant decrease in seizure severity compared to 60 minutes of preemptive stimulation and ten minutes of responsive stimulation. Additionally, ten minutes of preemptive high-frequency stimulation protected against death as aftereffect of status epilepticus. The spike-wave complex frequency was not modified. Conclusions These data could contribute to the characterization of the TRN in mediating the initiation and spreading of seizure activity and provide preclinical support for optimal parameters to use to obtain beneficial effects against convulsive activity.