First finding of free-living representatives of Prokinetoplastina and their nuclear and mitochondrial genomes

被引:16
作者
Tikhonenkov, Denis, V [1 ,2 ]
Gawryluk, Ryan M. R. [3 ]
Mylnikov, Alexander P. [1 ]
Keeling, Patrick J. [4 ]
机构
[1] Russian Acad Sci, Papanin Inst Biol Inland Waters, Borok 152742, Russia
[2] Univ Tyumen, AquaBioSafe Lab, Tyumen 625003, Russia
[3] Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
[4] Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 俄罗斯科学基金会;
关键词
RNA-SEQ; PHYLOGENY; ULTRASTRUCTURE; KINETOPLASTIDA; CLASSIFICATION; IMPROVEMENTS; ALGORITHM; EVOLUTION; BODONID; PROTEIN;
D O I
10.1038/s41598-021-82369-z
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Kinetoplastids are heterotrophic flagellated protists, including important parasites of humans and animals (trypanosomatids), and ecologically important free-living bacterial consumers (bodonids). Phylogenies have shown that the earliest-branching kinetoplastids are all parasites or obligate endosymbionts, whose highly-derived state makes reconstructing the ancestral state of the group challenging. We have isolated new strains of unusual free-living flagellates that molecular phylogeny shows to be most closely related to endosymbiotic and parasitic Perkinsela and Ichthyobodo species that, together with unidentified environmental sequences, form the clade at the base of kinetoplastids. These strains are therefore the first described free-living prokinetoplastids, and potentially very informative in understanding the evolution and ancestral states of morphological and molecular characteristics described in other kinetoplastids. Overall, we find that these organisms morphologically and ultrastructurally resemble some free-living bodonids and diplonemids, and possess nuclear genomes with few introns, polycistronic mRNA expression, high coding density, and derived traits shared with other kinetoplastids. Their genetic repertoires are more diverse than the best-studied free-living kinetoplastids, which is likely a reflection of their higher metabolic potential. Mitochondrial RNAs of these new species undergo the most extensive U insertion/deletion editing reported so far, and limited deaminative C-to-U and A-to-I editing, but we find no evidence for mitochondrial trans-splicing.
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页数:21
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