Negotiate-arbitrate regulation of airport services: Twenty years of experience in Australia

Negotiate-arbitrate regulation has played a role in the economic regulation of airports in Australia since the introduction of a national access regime in 1995. Over a twenty year period there have been three cases where negotiate-arbitrate regulation (NAR) has been applied to airport services, two cases where a decision has been made to not apply negotiate-arbitrate regulation to services provided and a case where an airline has sought to apply NAR and then withdrawn its application. The experience of the application of NAR to airport services is examined against a background discussion on issues associated with countervailing power in airport services. Based on the experience, some observations are made which reflect advantages and disadvantages of the application of NAR to airport services. NAR has provided a targeted approach to economic regulation of airport services in Australia, involving negotiated outcomes and limited intrusion into the aviation markets. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.