Growth and characterization of NixZn1-xSO4•7H2O single crystals

NiSO4 center dot 7H(2)O (morenosite) and ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O (goslarite) are hydrogen bonded crystals having wide applications in various fields. In an attempt to understand the formation and properties of mixed crystals based on NiSO4 center dot 7H(2)O and ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O, we have grown by the free evaporation method at room temperature and characterized NixZn1-xSO4 center dot 7H(2)O single crystals (with x having the values 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0). The grown crystals were characterized chemically and structurally by carrying out density, X-ray powder diffraction, and atomic absorption and Fourier transform infrared spectral measurements. The grown crystals exhibit good optical transparency in the wavelength range 210-1100 nm. The second harmonic generation measurements indicate a maximum efficiency for the mixed crystal with x = 0.5. Results of microhardness measurements follow the normal indentation size effect. Electrical (AC and DC) measurements indicate that the grown crystals exhibit a normal dielectric behavior and the electrical conduction is understood to be due to the protonic movement. The present study indicates that the mixed crystals with x = 0.2 and 0.5 are not only promising nonlinear optical materials but also useful as low dielectric constant materials. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.