Effects of Machining Conditions on Surface Roughness in Planing and Sanding of Solid Wood

It is important to evaluate the effect of machining and wood machining properties on surface quality to determine and upgrade the data on wood machining properties and to define convenient usage areas for some native wood species of Turkey. European black pine ( Pinus nigra Arnold) and cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani A. Rich) are two softwood species and sessile oak (Quercus petraea Lieble) and black poplar (Populus nigra L.) are two hardwood species commonly used and grown in Turkey. These trees species were selected as experimental material for the study. Roughness measurements are significant in the determination of wood surface quality for use as a final product. This study evaluated roughness measurements after planing and sanding operations, and found that the highest value for average roughness (Ra) was observed as 6.780 mu m. in sessile oak, followed by black poplar at 6.338 mu m, cedar of Lebanon at 4.836 mu m, and black pine at 4.740 eta m. The average roughness values for wood in directions perpendicular to the grain and along the grain from highest to lowest were sessile oak, black poplar, black pine, and cedar of Lebanon.