The primary lesion apparent diffusion coefficient is a prognostic factor for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective study

BackgroundTo explore prognostic value of the pre-treatment primary lesion apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC).MethodsA total of 843 patients with newly diagnosed LA-NPC were enrolled from January 2011 to April 2014 and divided into two groups based on ADC values: the low-ADC group and high-ADC group. The 3-year local relapse-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis free survival (DMFS), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates between two groups were compared using Kaplan-Meier curve, and Cox regression analyses were performed to test prognostic value of the pretreatment ADC in LA-NPC.ResultsThe cut-off value of the pretreatment ADC for predicting local relapse was 784.5x10(-6)mm(2)/s (AUC [area under curve]=0.604; sensitivity=0.640; specificity=0.574), thus patients were divided into low-ADC (<784.5x10(-6); n=473) group and high-ADC (784.5x10(-6); n=370) group. The low-ADC group had significantly higher 3-year LRFS rate and DFS rate than the high-ADC group (LRFS: 96.2% vs. 91.4%, P=0.003; DFS: 81.4% vs. 73.0%, P=0.0056). Multivariate analysis showed that the pretreatment ADC is an independent prognostic factor for LRFS (HR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.13-3.66; P=0.017) and DFS (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.04-1.89; P=0.024).ConclusionsThe pretreatment ADC of the primary lesion is an independent prognostic factor for LRFS and DFS in LA-NPC patients.