The gas electron multiplier (GEM): Operating principles and applications

被引:256
作者
Sauli, Fabio [1 ]
机构
[1] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
关键词
Gas Electron Multiplier; GEM; Gaseous radiation detectors; TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER; RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; TRIPLE-GEM; ION FEEDBACK; TRACKING DETECTORS; TPC PROTOTYPE; THICK-GEM; PRESSURE OPERATION; NEUTRON DETECTORS; CHARGE DISPERSION;
D O I
10.1016/j.nima.2015.07.060
中图分类号
TH7 [仪器、仪表];
学科分类号
0804 ; 080401 ; 081102 ;
摘要
Introduced by the author in 1997, The Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) constitutes a powerful addition to the family of fast radiation detectors; originally developed for particle physics experiments, the device and has spawned a large number of developments and applications; a web search yields more than 400 articles on the subject This note is an attempt to summarize the status of the design, developments and applications of the new detector. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
引用
收藏
页码:2 / 24
页数:23
相关论文
共 150 条
  • [1] The status of the GEM project for CMS high-η muon system
    Abbaneo, D.
    Abbrescia, M.
    Armagnaud, C.
    Aspell, P.
    Assran, Y.
    Ban, Y.
    Bally, S.
    Barria, P.
    Benussi, L.
    Berzano, U.
    Bianco, S.
    Bos, J.
    Bunkowski, K.
    Cai, J.
    Chatelain, J. P.
    Christiansen, J.
    Colafranceschi, S.
    Colaleo, A.
    Garcia, A. Conde
    David, E.
    de Robertis, G.
    De Lentdecker, G.
    De Oliveira, R.
    Pinto, S. Duarte
    Ferry, S.
    Formenti, F.
    Franconi, L.
    Fruboes, T.
    Gutierrez, A.
    Hohlmann, M.
    Kamel, A. E.
    Karchin, P. E.
    Loddo, F.
    Maerschalk, T.
    Magazzu, G.
    Maggi, M.
    Marchioro, A.
    Marinov, A.
    Mehta, K.
    Merlin, J.
    Mohapatra, A.
    Moulik, T.
    Nemallapudi, M. V.
    Nuzzo, S.
    Oliveri, E.
    Piccolo, D.
    Postema, H.
    Radi, A.
    Raffone, G.
    Rodrigues, A.
    [J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2013, 732 : 203 - 207
  • [2] Abbaneo D., 2014, IEEE NSS
  • [3] The COMPASS experiment at CERN
    Abbon, P.
    Albrecht, E.
    Alexakhin, V. Yu.
    Alexandrov, Yu.
    Alexeev, G. D.
    Alekseev, M. G.
    Amoroso, A.
    Angerer, H.
    Anosov, V. A.
    Badelek, B.
    Balestra, F.
    Ball, J.
    Barth, J.
    Baum, G.
    Becker, M.
    Bedfer, Y.
    Berglund, P.
    Bernet, C.
    Bertini, R.
    Bettinelli, M.
    Birsa, R.
    Bisplinghoff, J.
    Bordalo, P.
    Bosteels, M.
    Bradamante, F.
    Braem, A.
    Bravar, A.
    Bressan, A.
    Brona, G.
    Burtin, E.
    Bussa, M. P.
    Bytchkov, V. N.
    Chalifour, M.
    Chapiro, A.
    Chiosso, M.
    Ciliberti, P.
    Cicuttin, A.
    Colantoni, M.
    Colavita, A. A.
    Costa, S.
    Crespo, M. L.
    Cristaudo, P.
    Dafni, T.
    d'Hose, N.
    Dalla Torre, S.
    d'Ambrosio, C.
    Das, S.
    Dasgupta, S. S.
    Delagnes, E.
    De Masi, R.
    [J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2007, 577 (03) : 455 - 518
  • [4] Alexeev A., 2014, J INSTRUM, V9
  • [5] Detection of single photons with ThickGEM-based counters
    Alexeev, M.
    Barbosa, F.
    Birsa, R.
    Bradamante, F.
    Bressan, A.
    Chiosso, M.
    Ciliberti, P.
    Dalla Torre, S.
    Denisov, O.
    Duic, V.
    Finger, M.
    Finger, M., Jr.
    Fischer, H.
    Giorgi, M.
    Gobbo, B.
    Gregori, M.
    Herrmann, F.
    Koenigsmann, K.
    Kramer, D.
    Levorato, S.
    Maggiora, A.
    Martin, A.
    Menon, G.
    Mutter, A.
    Nerling, F.
    Novakova, K.
    Novy, J.
    Panzieri, D.
    Polak, J.
    Rocco, E.
    Santos, C.
    Sbrizzai, G.
    Schiavon, P.
    Schill, C.
    Schopferer, S.
    Slunecka, M.
    Sozzi, F.
    Steiger, L.
    Sulc, M.
    Takekawa, S.
    Tessarotto, F.
    Veloso, J. F. C. A.
    Wollny, H.
    [J]. JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION, 2012, 7
  • [6] THGEM based photon detector for Cherenkov imaging applications
    Alexeev, M.
    Birsa, R.
    Bradamante, F.
    Bressan, A.
    Chiosso, M.
    Ciliberti, P.
    Croci, G.
    Colantoni, M. L.
    Dalla Torre, S.
    Pinto, S. Duarte
    Denisov, O.
    Diaz, V.
    Ferrero, A.
    Finger, M.
    Finger, M., Jr.
    Fischer, H.
    Giacomini, G.
    Giorgi, M.
    Gobbo, B.
    Heinsius, F. H.
    Herrmann, F.
    Jahodova, V.
    Koenigsmann, K.
    Lauser, L.
    Levorato, S.
    Maggiora, A.
    Martin, A.
    Menon, G.
    Nerling, F.
    Panzieri, D.
    Pesaro, G.
    Polak, J.
    Rocco, E.
    Ropeleswki, L.
    Sauli, F.
    Sbrizzai, G.
    Schiavon, P.
    Schill, C.
    Schopferer, S.
    Slunecka, M.
    Sozzi, F.
    Steiger, L.
    Sulc, M.
    Takekawa, S.
    Tessarotto, F.
    Wollny, H.
    [J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2010, 617 (1-3) : 396 - 397
  • [7] Alexeev M., 2008, IEEE NUCL SCI S, P1335
  • [8] A spark-resistant bulk-micromegas chamber for high-rate applications
    Alexopoulos, T.
    Burnens, J.
    de Oliveira, R.
    Glonti, G.
    Pizzirusso, O.
    Polychronakos, V.
    Sekhniaidze, G.
    Tsipolitis, G.
    Wotschack, J.
    [J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2011, 640 (01) : 110 - 118
  • [9] Studies of etching effects on triple-GEM detectors operated with CF4-based gas mixtures
    Alfonsi, M
    Baccaro, S
    Bencivenni, G
    Bonivento, W
    Cardini, A
    de Simone, P
    Murtas, F
    Pinci, D
    Lener, MP
    Raspino, D
    Saitta, B
    [J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, 2005, 52 (06) : 2872 - 2878
  • [10] High-rate particle triggering with triple-GEM detector
    Alfonsi, M
    Bencivenni, G
    de Simone, P
    Murtas, F
    Lener, MP
    Bonivento, W
    Cardini, A
    Deplano, C
    Raspino, D
    Pinci, D
    [J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2004, 518 (1-2) : 106 - 112