Biosynthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Green Roof Species Portulaca Grandiflora and Their Cytotoxic Effects Against C6 Glioma Human Cancer Cells

Leaf and stem extracts of popular green roof vegetation, Portulaca grandiflora, were used for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. The synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. FTIR results indicated the presence of proteins and polyphenols in plant extracts which were responsible for the reduction and stabilization of gold nanoparticles. SEM and TEM images confirmed the formation of spherical, rhombus, triangular, tetragonal, pentagonal, rods and hexagonal shaped gold nanoparticles. The size of the particles was in the range of 8 and 72 nm. The anti-proliferative effects of synthesized gold nanoparticles were assessed using C6 glioma human cancer cells. Results indicated that gold nanoparticles synthesized using leaf extracts (150 mu g/mL) and stem extracts (200 mu g/mL) of P. grandiflora decreased the viability of C6 glioma cell lines up to 50%. (C) 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 35: 1732-1740, 2016