Chemical evaluation of chars produced by thermochemical conversion (gasification, pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization) of agro-industrial biomass on a commercial scale

被引:183
作者
Wiedner, Katja [1 ]
Rumpel, Cornelia [2 ]
Steiner, Christoph [3 ]
Pozzi, Alessandro [4 ]
Maas, Robert [5 ]
Glaser, Bruno [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Halle Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle, Germany
[2] UPMC, CNRS,INRA, Ctr Versailles Grignon Batiment EGER,Lab Bio, UPEC ENS IRD AgroParisTech,BIOEMCO UMR 7618, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France
[3] Biocharorg, A-5165 Salzburg, Austria
[4] Adv Gasificat Technol Srl, Agr & Energy Farms Dept, I-22060 Arosio, CO, Italy
[5] CS CarbonSolut Deutschland GmbH, D-14532 Kleinmachnow, Germany
关键词
Hydrothermal carbonization; Pyrolysis; Gasification; C-13; NMR; Black carbon; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; BLACK CARBON; BIOCHAR; HYDROCHAR; SOILS; C-13;
D O I
10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.08.026
中图分类号
S2 [农业工程];
学科分类号
0828 ;
摘要
Technologies for agro-industrial feedstock utilization such as pyrolysis, gasification and hydrothermal carbonization at industrial scale develop rapidly. The thermochemically converted biomasses of these production technologies have fundamentally different properties controlled by the production technology. This is reflected by general properties such as pH or elemental composition. The C-13 NMR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and black carbon results confirmed these observations showing that hydrochars have lower proportions of aromatic compounds than biochars (less stable) but are rich in functional groups (higher cation exchange capacity) than biochars. Analyses of pollutants indicate that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as well as dioxin contents of most samples were under the threshold values recommended by International Biochar Initiative and European Biochar Certificate. In conclusion, biochars and hydrochars are entirely different from each other and these materials will probably have a complementary reaction in a soil environment. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:264 / 278
页数:15
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