Detection of a westward hotspot offset in the atmosphere of hot gas giant CoRoT-2b

Short-period planets exhibit day-night temperature contrasts of hundreds to thousands of kelvin. They also exhibit eastward hotspot offsets whereby the hottest region on the planet is east of the substellar point(1); this has been widely interpreted as advection of heat due to eastward winds(2). We present thermal phase observations of the hot Jupiter CoRoT-2b obtained with the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on the Spitzer Space Telescope. These measurements show the most robust detection to date of a westward hotspot offset of 23 +/- 4 degrees, in contrast with the nine other planets with equivalent measurements(3-10). The peculiar infrared flux map of CoRoT-2b may result from westward winds due to non-synchronous rotation(11) or magnetic effects(12,13), or partial cloud coverage, that obscure the emergent flux from the planet's eastern hemisphere(14-17). Nonsynchronous rotation and magnetic effects may also explain the planet's anomalously large radius(12,18). On the other hand, partial cloud coverage could explain the featureless dayside emission spectrum of the planet(19,20). If CoRoT-2b is not tidally locked, then it means that our understanding of star-planet tidal interaction is incomplete. If the westward offset is due to magnetic effects, our result represents an opportunity to study an exoplanet's magnetic field. If it has eastern clouds, then it means that a greater understanding of large-scale circulation on tidally locked planets is required.