Holocene fire in Fennoscandia and Denmark

被引:36
作者
Clear, Jennifer L. [1 ]
Molinari, Chiara [2 ]
Bradshaw, Richard H. W.
机构
[1] Czech Univ Life Sci, Dept Forest Ecol, CZ-16521 Prague, Czech Republic
[2] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Sci, S-22362 Lund, Sweden
关键词
biomass burning; climate change; fire suppression; slash and burn; PICEA-ABIES; BOREAL FOREST; SOUTHERN SWEDEN; EASTERN FINLAND; HISTORY; CLIMATE; NORWAY; DEGLACIATION; POLLEN; SCANDINAVIA;
D O I
10.1071/WF13188
中图分类号
S7 [林业];
学科分类号
0829 ; 0907 ;
摘要
Natural disturbance dynamics, such as fire, have a fundamental control on forest composition and structure. Knowledge of fire history and the dominant drivers of fire are becoming increasingly important for conservation and management practice. Temporal and spatial variability in biomass burning is examined here using 170 charcoal and 15 fire scar records collated throughout Fennoscandia and Denmark. The changing fire regime is discussed in relation to local biogeographical controls, regional climatic change, anthropogenic land use and fire suppression. The region has experienced episodic variability in the dominant drivers of biomass burning throughout the Holocene, creating a frequently changing fire regime. Early Holocene biomass burning appears to be driven by fuel availability. Increased continentality during the mid-Holocene Thermal Maximum coincides with an increase in fire. The mid-late Holocene front-like spread of Picea abies (Norway spruce) and cooler, wetter climatic conditions reduce local biomass burning before the onset of intensified anthropogenic land use, and the late Holocene increase in anthropogenic activity created artificially high records of biomass burning that overshadowed the natural fire signal. An economic shift from extensive subsistence land use to agriculture and forestry as well as active fire suppression has reduced regional biomass burning. However, it is proposed that without anthropogenic fire suppression, the underlying natural fire signal would remain low because of the now widespread dominance of P. abies.
引用
收藏
页码:781 / 789
页数:9
相关论文
共 46 条
  • [11] The effects of climate change on the distribution and management of Picea abies in southern Scandinavia
    Bradshaw, RHW
    Holmqvist, BH
    Cowling, SA
    Sykes, MT
    [J]. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH, 2000, 30 (12) : 1992 - 1998
  • [12] Holocene fire frequency variability in Vesijako, Strict Nature Reserve, Finland, and its application to conservation and management
    Clear, Jennifer L.
    Seppa, Heikki
    Kuosmanen, Niina
    Bradshaw, Richard H. W.
    [J]. BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION, 2013, 166 : 90 - 97
  • [13] Climate impacts on human settlement and agricultural activities in northern Norway revealed through sediment biogeochemistry
    D'Anjou, Robert M.
    Bradley, Raymond S.
    Balascio, Nicholas L.
    Finkelstein, David B.
    [J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2012, 109 (50) : 20332 - 20337
  • [14] The temperature of Europe during the Holocene reconstructed from pollen data
    Davis, BAS
    Brewer, S
    Stevenson, AC
    Guiot, J
    [J]. QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS, 2003, 22 (15-17) : 1701 - 1716
  • [15] ESRI, 2011, ARCGIS DESKT REL 10, DOI DOI 10.1111/J.1461-0248.2010.01559.X
  • [16] The European Pollen Database: past efforts and current activities
    Fyfe, Ralph M.
    de Beaulieu, Jacques-Louis
    Binney, Heather
    Bradshaw, Richard H. W.
    Brewer, Simon
    Le Flao, Anne
    Finsinger, Walter
    Gaillard, Marie-Jose
    Giesecke, Thomas
    Gil-Romera, Graciela
    Grimm, Eric C.
    Huntley, Brian
    Kunes, Petr
    Kuehl, Norbert
    Leydet, Michelle
    Lotter, Andre F.
    Tarasov, Pavel E.
    Tonkov, Spassimir
    [J]. VEGETATION HISTORY AND ARCHAEOBOTANY, 2009, 18 (05) : 417 - 424
  • [17] Exploring Holocene continentality changes in Fennoscandia using present and past tree distributions
    Giesecke, T.
    Bjune, A. E.
    Chiverrell, R. C.
    Seppa, H.
    Ojala, A. E. K.
    Birks, H. J. B.
    [J]. QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS, 2008, 27 (13-14) : 1296 - 1308
  • [18] The Holocene spread of Picea abies (L.) Karst. in Fennoscandia and adjacent areas
    Giesecke, T
    Bennett, KD
    [J]. JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY, 2004, 31 (09) : 1523 - 1548
  • [19] Granstrom A, 2008, BIOL SCI, V363, P2351, DOI [10.1098/RSTB.2007.2205, DOI 10.1098/RSTB.2007.2205]
  • [20] CONISS - A FORTRAN-77 PROGRAM FOR STRATIGRAPHICALLY CONSTRAINED CLUSTER-ANALYSIS BY THE METHOD OF INCREMENTAL SUM OF SQUARES
    GRIMM, EC
    [J]. COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES, 1987, 13 (01) : 13 - 35