An improved limit on the charge of antihydrogen from stochastic acceleration

被引：43
作者：
Ahmadi, M. [1 ]
Baquero-Ruiz, M. [2 ,3 ]
Bertsche, W. [4 ,5 ]
Butler, E. [6 ,7 ]
Capra, A. [8 ]
Carruth, C. [2 ]
Cesar, C. L. [9 ]
Charlton, M. [10 ]
Charman, A. E. [2 ]
Eriksson, S. [10 ]
Evans, L. T. [2 ]
Evetts, N. [11 ]
Fajans, J. [2 ]
Friesen, T. [12 ]
Fujiwara, M. C. [13 ]
Gill, D. R. [13 ]
Gutierrez, A. [11 ]
Hangst, J. S. [12 ]
Hardy, W. N. [11 ]
Hayden, M. E. [14 ]
Isaac, C. A. [10 ]
Ishida, A. [7 ]
Jones, S. A. [10 ]
Jonsell, S. [15 ]
Kurchaninov, L. [13 ]
Madsen, N. [10 ]
Maxwell, D. [10 ]
McKenna, J. T. K. [13 ]
Menary, S. [8 ]
Michan, J. M. [13 ]
Momose, T. [16 ]
Munich, J. J. [14 ]
Nolan, P. [1 ]
Olchanski, K. [13 ]
Olin, A. [13 ,17 ]
Povilus, A. [2 ]
Pusa, P. [1 ]
Rasmussen, C. O. [12 ]
Robicheaux, F. [18 ]
Sacramento, R. L. [9 ]
Sameed, M. [10 ]
Sarid, E. [19 ]
Silveira, D. M. [9 ]
So, C. [2 ]
Tharp, T. D. [12 ]
Thompson, R. I. [20 ]
van der Werf, D. P. [10 ]
Wurtele, J. S. [2 ,21 ]
Zhmoginov, A. I. [2 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England
[2] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[3] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CRPP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
[4] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England
[5] Sci Tech Daresbury, Cockcroft Inst, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England
[6] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Ctr Cold Matter, London SW7 2AZ, England
[7] European Org Nucl Res CERN, Dept Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
[8] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
[9] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
[10] Swansea Univ, Dept Phys, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales
[11] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
[12] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
[13] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
[14] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
[15] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[16] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
[17] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
[18] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
[19] Soreq Nucl Res Ctr, IL-81800 Yavne, Israel
[20] Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
[21] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, ATAP, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
来源：
NATURE | 2016年 / 529卷 / 7586期
基金：
美国国家科学基金会; 加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;
关键词：
ELECTRON;
D O I：
10.1038/nature16491
中图分类号：
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号：
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要：
Antimatter continues to intrigue physicists because of its apparent absence in the observable Universe. Current theory requires that matter and antimatter appeared in equal quantities after the Big Bang, but the Standard Model of particle physics offers no quantitative explanation for the apparent disappearance of half the Universe. It has recently become possible to study trapped atoms(1-4) of antihydrogen to search for possible, as yet unobserved, differences in the physical behaviour of matter and antimatter. Here we consider the charge neutrality of the antihydrogen atom. By applying stochastic acceleration to trapped antihydrogen atoms, we determine an experimental bound on the antihydrogen charge, Qe, of vertical bar Q vertical bar < 0.71 parts per billion (one standard deviation), in which e is the elementary charge. This bound is a factor of 20 less than that determined from the best previous measurement(5) of the antihydrogen charge. The electrical charge of atoms and molecules of normal matter is known(6) to be no greater than about 10(-21)e for a diverse range of species including H-2, He and SF6. Charge-parity-time symmetry and quantum anomaly cancellation(7) demand that the charge of antihydrogen be similarly small. Thus, our measurement constitutes an improved limit and a test of fundamental aspects of the Standard Model. If we assume charge superposition and use the best measured value of the antiproton charge(8), then we can place a new limit on the positron charge anomaly (the relative difference between the positron and elementary charge) of about one part per billion (one standard deviation), a 25-fold reduction compared to the current best measurement(8),(9).
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收藏
页码：373 / +
页数：8
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