Time-resolved turbulent dynamo in a laser plasma

被引:32
作者
Bott, Archie F. A. [1 ,2 ]
Tzeferacos, Petros [1 ,3 ,4 ,5 ]
Chen, Laura [1 ]
Palmer, Charlotte A. J. [1 ,6 ]
Rigby, Alexandra [1 ]
Bell, Anthony R. [1 ]
Bingham, Robert [7 ,8 ]
Birkel, Andrew [9 ]
Graziani, Carlo [10 ]
Froula, Dustin H. [4 ,5 ]
Katz, Joseph [5 ]
Koenig, Michel [11 ,12 ]
Kunz, Matthew W. [2 ]
Li, Chikang [9 ]
Meinecke, Jena [1 ]
Miniati, Francesco [1 ]
Petrasso, Richard [9 ]
Park, Hye-Sook [13 ]
Remington, Bruce A. [13 ]
Reville, Brian [14 ]
Ross, J. Steven [13 ]
Ryu, Dongsu [15 ]
Ryutov, Dmitri [13 ]
Seguin, Fredrick H. [9 ]
White, Thomas G. [16 ]
Schekochihin, Alexander A. [1 ]
Lamb, Donald Q. [3 ]
Gregori, Gianluca [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England
[2] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
[3] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
[4] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
[5] Univ Rochester, Lab Laser Energet, Rochester, NY 14623 USA
[6] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland
[7] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Cent Laser Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England
[8] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Phys, Glasgow G4 0NG, Lanark, Scotland
[9] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[10] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
[11] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Ecole Polytech,Inst Polytech Paris,CNRS, Commissariat Energie Atom & Energies Alternat,Lab, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
[12] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
[13] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA
[14] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, Theorie Astrophys Plasmen Forsch Grp, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany
[15] Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Nat Sci, Dept Phys, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
[16] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会; 英国工程与自然科学研究理事会; 欧洲研究理事会; 英国科学技术设施理事会; 新加坡国家研究基金会;
关键词
magnetic fields; fluctuation dynamo; laboratory astrophysics; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; GENERATION; AMPLIFICATION; SIMULATIONS; FUSION; FLASH;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.2015729118
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Understanding magnetic-field generation and amplification in turbulent plasma is essential to account for observations of magnetic fields in the universe. A theoretical framework attributing the origin and sustainment of these fields to the so-called fluctuation dynamo was recently validated by experiments on laser facilities in low-magnetic-Prandtl-number plasmas (Pm < 1). However, the same framework proposes that the fluctuation dynamo should operate differently when Pm & 1, the regime relevant to many astrophysical environments such as the intracluster medium of galaxy clusters. This paper reports an experiment that creates a laboratory Pm & 1 plasma dynamo. We provide a time-resolved characterization of the plasma's evolution, measuring temperatures, densities, flow velocities, and magnetic fields, which allows us to explore various stages of the fluctuation dynamo's operation on seed magnetic fields generated by the action of the Biermann-battery mechanism during the initial drive-laser target interaction. The magnetic energy in structures with characteristic scales close to the driving scale of the stochastic motions is found to increase by almost three orders of magnitude and saturate dynamically. It is shown that the initial growth of these fields occurs at a much greater rate than the turnover rate of the driving-scale stochastic motions. Our results point to the possibility that plasma turbulence produced by strong shear can generate fields more efficiently at the driving scale than anticipated by idealized magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations of the nonhelical fluctuation dynamo; this finding could help explain the large-scale fields inferred from observations of astrophysical systems.
引用
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页数:12
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