Toward an Operational Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions Monitoring and Verification Support Capacity

被引：82

作者：

Janssens-Maenhout, G. ^{[1
]}

Pinty, B. ^{[1
]}

Dowell, M. ^{[1
]}

Zunker, H. ^{[2
]}

Andersson, E. ^{[2
]}

Balsarno, G. ^{[3
]}

Bezy, J-L ^{[4
]}

Brunhes, T. ^{[5
]}

Bosch, H. ^{[6
]}

Bojkov, B. ^{[7
]}

Brunner, D. ^{[8
]}

Buchwitz, M. ^{[9
]}

Crisp, D. ^{[10
]}

Ciais, P. ^{[11
]}

Counet, P. ^{[7
]}

Dee, D. ^{[3
]}

van der Gon, H. Denier ^{[12
]}

Dolman, H. ^{[13
]}

Drinkwater, M. R. ^{[4
]}

Dubovik, O. ^{[14
]}

Engelen, R. ^{[3
]}

Fehr, T. ^{[4
]}

Fernandez, V ^{[4
]}

Heimann, M. ^{[13
,15
]}

Holmlund, K. ^{[7
]}

Houweling, S. ^{[13
,15
]}

Husband, R. ^{[15
]}

Juvyns, O. ^{[5
]}

Kentarchos, A. ^{[16
]}

Landgraf, J. ^{[15
]}

Lang, R. ^{[7
]}

Loscher, A. ^{[4
]}

Marshall, J. ^{[13
,15
]}

Meijer, Y. ^{[4
]}

Nakajima, M. ^{[17
]}

Palmer, P., I ^{[18
]}

Peylin, P. ^{[11
]}

Rayner, P. ^{[19
]}

Scholze, M. ^{[20
]}

Sierk, B. ^{[4
]}

Tamminen, J. ^{[21
]}

Veefkind, P. ^{[22
]}

机构：

[1] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Directorate Sustainable Resources, Ispra, Italy

[2] European Commiss, DG Def Ind & Space, Brussels, Belgium

[3] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, Berks, England

[4] European Space Agcy, Noordwijk, Netherlands

[5] European Commiss, DG Climate Act, Brussels, Belgium

[6] Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England

[7] European Org Exploitat Meteorol Satellites, Darmstadt, Germany

[8] EMPA Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland

[9] Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys IUP, Bremen, Germany

[10] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA

[11] Univ Paris & Versailles, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, St Quentin en Yvelines, France

[12] TNO, Climate Air & Sustainabil, Utrecht, Netherlands

[13] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

[14] Univ Lille, Lab Opt Atmospher, Villeneuve Dascq, France

[15] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands

[16] European Commiss, DG Res & Innovat, Brussels, Belgium

[17] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

[18] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland

[19] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[20] Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden

[21] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Space & Earth Observat Ctr, Helsinki, Finland

[22] Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorol Inst, De Bilt, Netherlands

来源：

BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY | 2020年 / 101卷 / 08期

基金：

欧盟地平线“2020”;

关键词：

FOSSIL-FUEL CO2; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; RETRIEVAL ALGORITHM; ENHANCEMENTS; (CO2)-C-14; EXCHANGE; EUROPE;

D O I：

10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0017.1

中图分类号：

P4 [大气科学（气象学）];

学科分类号：

0706 ; 070601 ;

摘要：

Under the Paris Agreement (PA), progress of emission reduction efforts is tracked on the basis of regular updates to national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories, referred to as bottomup estimates. However, only top-down atmospheric measurements can provide observation-based evidence of emission trends. Today, there is no internationally agreed, operational capacity to monitor anthropogenic GHG emission trends using atmospheric measurements to complement national bottom-up inventories. The European Commission (EC), the European Space Agency, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, and international experts are joining forces to develop such an operational capacity for monitoring anthropogenic CO2 emissions as a new CO2 service under the EC's Copernicus program. Design studies have been used to translate identified needs into defined requirements and functionalities of this anthropogenic CO2 emissions Monitoring and Verification Support (CO2 MVS) capacity. It adopts a holistic view and includes components such as atmospheric spaceborne and in situ measurements, bottom-up CO2 emission maps, improved modeling of the carbon cycle, an operational data-assimilation system integrating top-down and bottom-up information, and a policy-relevant decision support tool. The CO2 MVS capacity with operational capabilities by 2026 is expected to visualize regular updates of global CO2 emissions, likely at 0.05 degrees x 0.05 degrees. This will complement the PA's enhanced transparency framework, providing actionable information on anthropogenic CO2 emissions that are the main driver of climate change. This information will be available to all stakeholders, including governments and citizens, allowing them to reflect on trends and effectiveness of reduction measures. The new EC gave the green light to pass the CO2 MVS from exploratory to implementing phase.

引用

页码：E1439 / E1451

页数：13

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