Secondary bacterial flagellar system improves bacterial spreading by increasing the directional persistence of swimming

被引:45
作者
Bubendorfer, Sebastian [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,5 ]
Koltai, Mihaly [1 ,2 ,6 ]
Rossmann, Florian [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Sourjik, Victor [1 ,2 ,6 ]
Thormann, Kai M. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Max Planck Inst Terr Microbiol, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
[2] LOEWE, Res Ctr Synthet Microbiol SYNMICRO, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
[3] Univ Giessen, IFZ Interdisciplinary Res Ctr, Inst Microbiol & Mol Biol, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
[4] Hannover Med Sch, Inst Med Microbiol, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
[5] Hannover Med Sch, Hosp Epidemiol, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
[6] Heidelberg Univ, DKFZ ZMBH Alliance, Zentrum Mol Biol, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
基金
欧洲研究理事会;
关键词
bacterial motility; cell reorientation; CheY; lateral flagella; VIBRIO-ALGINOLYTICUS; CHEMOTAXIS; MOTORS; POLAR; IDENTIFICATION; RUN;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.1405820111
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
As numerous bacterial species, Shewanella putrefaciens CN-32 possesses a complete secondary flagellar system. A significant sub-population of CN-32 cells induces expression of the secondary system under planktonic conditions, resulting in formation of one, sometimes two, filaments at lateral positions in addition to the primary polar flagellum. Mutant analysis revealed that the single chemotaxis system primarily or even exclusively addresses the main polar flagellar system. Cells with secondary filaments outperformed their monopolarly flagellated counterparts in spreading on soft-agar plates and through medium-filled channels despite having lower swimming speed. While mutant cells with only polar flagella navigate by a "run-reverse-flick" mechanism resulting in effective cell realignments of about 90 degrees, wild-type cells with secondary filaments exhibited a range of realignment angles with an average value of smaller than 90 degrees. Mathematical modeling and computer simulations demonstrated that the smaller realignment angle of wild-type cells results in the higher directional persistence, increasing spreading efficiency both with and without a chemical gradient. Taken together, we propose that in S. putrefaciens CN-32, cell propulsion and directional switches are mainly mediated by the polar flagellar system, while the secondary filament increases the directional persistence of swimming and thus of spreading in the environment.
引用
收藏
页码:11485 / 11490
页数:6
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